A wrench applies what type of force to turn a threaded fastener?

A wrench applies torque to turn a threaded fastener because torque is the rotational force that causes an object to rotate around an axis. When using a wrench, the user exerts force on the handle, and this force is translated into a rotational motion around the fastener. Torque is calculated as the product of the force applied and the distance from the point of rotation (the center of the fastener) to where the force is applied (the handle of the wrench).

This concept is crucial in applications involving fasteners, as it not only determines the angle of rotation but also how tightly a fastener is secured. Proper torque is essential for preventing damage to the threads and the fastener itself, as well as ensuring that the fastener achieves its intended performance in holding components together.